Surgery for Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
Surgery is rarely used to treat chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) because the leukemia cells are throughout the body.
When might surgery be used for CMML?
For some people with CMML, surgery to remove the spleen (splenectomy) may be an option if it is enlarged and causing problems, and if other treatments aren't helpful.
Possible side effects of surgery to remove the spleen
Like all surgeries, surgery to remove the spleen carries risks related to anesthesia, bleeding, and wound infection.
Also, since the spleen helps protect against infection, removing it can increase the risk of severe infections.
If you are considering having your spleen removed, discuss the risks and benefits with your health care team. Before you have your spleen removed, you may also need to get vaccines to help prevent certain infections.
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- References
Developed by the American Cancer Society medical and editorial content team with medical review and contribution by the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO).
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines): Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Version 2.2025. Accessed at https://www.nccn.org on January 27, 2025.
Padron E. Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: Management and prognosis. UpToDate. 2024. Accessed at https://www.uptodate.com/contents/chronic-myelomonocytic-leukemia-management-and-prognosis on January 27, 2025.
Last Revised: March 7, 2025
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